Charles fosby



No. 62!,9l5. Patented Mar. 28, i899.

G. FOSBY.

SAW.

(Application filed. .m 14, 1397.

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Nr'rn PATENT Finch.

SAW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letterslatent No. 621,915, dated March 28, 1899.

Application filed July 14, 1897. Serial No. 644,495. (No model.)

To (I/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES FosBY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rutherford, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Saws, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to circular saws, and particularly to that class known as Wabbling or dado saws, in which the saw-plate is set diagonally to the mandrel for the pur-' pose of producing a groove wider than the saw-kerf in the material presented thereto. Such saws usually have teeth approximately the same as ordinary circular-saw teeth, except at two opposite portions of the periphery, at which they are specially formed to clear the corners or interior angles of the groove. The clearing-teeth to properly perform their function must project a little beyond the cuttingline of the others, and are for this reason, and also because of theirpeculiar shape, more rapidly worn and require frequent filing to preserve the best condition. This necessitates the refiling of the teeth in the remaining portions of the saw to reduce the diameter sufficiently to allow the required projection of the clearing-teeth and results in greatly shorten ing the effective life of the saw, not by wearing a way in the work performed, but by the expenditure of uneconomical labor in filing away the metal around five-sixths or other large proportion of the periphery to properly condition the small fraction made up of the clearing-teeth.

The object of my invention is to obviate the above objectionable feature and produce a saw in which the clearing-teeth can be filed and lengthened independently of the others, the latter being sharpened only when dulled and filing becomes necessary to preserve the proper cutting condition.

The invention consists in producing radial channels or ways in the saw-plate on opposite sides of the center, in which are adjustably mounted plates having their ends filed to the required shape to serve as clearing-teeth.

When they become worn, they may be refiled and set outward to the necessary extent by adjusting the plates radially and Without necessitating any labor on the teeth forming the remaining portions of the saw. There are other advantages secured by this construction, one of which is the substitution of new clearing-teeth plates when those in use are worn out, and also that these plates, being independent of the saw-plate, may be hardened to a greater degree than the latter and therefore better resist the wear.

The invention also consists in a novel form of collar receiving the mandrel and carrying the saw, with means for adjusting the angularposition and consequent width of cut.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification and represent what I con sider the best means of carrying out the in Vention.

Figure 1 is a face view of the saw. Fig. 2 is a corresponding edge view, partly in verti= cal section. Fig. 3 is a face view of the collar'as seen from the side opposite to that in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4. at in Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 are face views showing portions of the collar detached. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 show details of the clearing-teeth on a larger scale. Fig. 7 is an edge view; Fig. 8,

a face view, and Fig. 9 a section on the line 9 9 in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is an edge view of a board, showing the form of groove produced.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

A is the saw-plate, made, as ordinarily, of steel of the usual diameter and thickness, having the line of teeth A extending completely around,'excepting at the opposite peripheral points A A where the metal is cut away to form open channels or slots a, extending inwardly toward the center. The sides of the channels are beveled off, as at a, and form,with the thin cover-plates Aflbrazed or otherwise secured to the saw-plate, dovetailed ways or recesses receiving the clearingteeth'plates B B. The latter are of hardened steel, rectangular in outline, and having the sides I) beveled, as shown, to match to the channels ct. The plates B are preferably of the same thickness as the saw-plate, so as to lie flush on one face, and the channels and their cover-plates A are so cut and applied that the flush face of one plate B is on one face of the saw-plate and the other on the opposite face;

Each plate B is provided with a countersunk hole receiving the head of a bolt 0, ex-

tending through a radial slot Z) in its coverplate, and is securely held in its channel or way by the nut C, turn ed firmly down against the outer face of the cover-plate. The teeth B are triangular in face view and semipyramidal in edge view, the cutting-point lying in the plane face of the plate B flush with the saw-plate, so as to be in effect a continuation of that face of the saw. The latter is mounted obliquely to the axial line of the mandrel, as shown in Fig. 2, so that the cutting-points of the teeth B shall produce the sides of the groove on in the material M (see Fig. 10) and the cover-plates A shall lie within the groove during the passage of that portion of the saw in each revolution.

The peripheral line of the teeth B lying a little outside the general cutting-line of the saw results in cutting away the angles of the groove in advance of the other portions of the groove,'as shown somewhat exaggerated at on in Fig. 10.

\Vhen the teeth B become worn and dulled, they maybe filed, as usual, the reduction being compensated by slackening the screw C and readjusting outward to the extent desired. The teeth A do not require filing so frequently and are sharpened, as usual, when necessary. The adjustment of the plates B also serves advantageously in setting the cutting-line to suit the requirements of different materials or qualities of material, and their easy removal permits them to be hardened or tempered to any degree desirable.

D D are circular disks of hard brass or other material, each the counterpart of the other, set in the center of the saw-plate, one on each side, with the hole (Z concentric to the central hole in the saw. They are secured to each other and to the inclosed saw by screws or rivets (not shown) extending through all three. Each disk D has four rounded lugs D, serving, with corresponding concavities e in the disks E E, as knuckle-joints for the latter. In applying the disks D to the sawplate care must be taken to have the knuckles lie in a diametricalline at right angles to the center line of the plates B B, so that as the saw is forced over to the angular position the teeth B will lie farthest from the perpendicular.

The disks E and E are similar in some respects, but are not exactly alike. Each is 1101- lowed at e to receive the swells D on the inner disks, and each is thinned or beveled toward the edges from the line of the knucklejoint to allow sufficient motion between the disks D and E in inclining the saw. Screws F, passing through holes in'the disk E and slots d in the disks D and saw-plate A, are received in corresponding holes drilled and tapped in the disk E to secure the whole together.

E is a screw tapped into the disk E at the point shown near the periphery, impinging upon the adjacent surface of the disk D and tending when turned in the proper direction to separate those parts of the disks. This action is opposed by the force of a flat semicircular spring G of steel plate, held in place under the heads of the screws F and pressing inward upon a pin G, set in the inner disk D and extending loosely through a hole in the outer disk I on the opposite side of the center from the screw E and tending when the latter is relaxed to cause the adjacent surface of the disk D to follow the point of the screw.

In the disk E, about in line with the pin G, is setan adjusting-screw II, serving to limit the movement of the saw in assuming an oppositely-inclined position. It should be so set as to be struck by the adjoining face of theinner disk D when the saw is perpendicular or before it has gone so far over as to allow the cover-plates A to strike and damage the sides of the groove m.

The mandrel J is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. The shoulder and nut by which the saw-collarand its saw are secured thereon are omitted, but will be understood to be as usual.

To give the desired angularity to the saw to produce a corresponding width of groove M, it is only necessary to turn the screw E to the proper extent, the disks E and E being held between the shoulder and nut described, thereby fixing their position. The forward thrust of the screw received near the periphery of the disk D forces it and the saw to turn on the knuckle-joint until the desired angle is attained. No provision other than the spring G and its pin is made to prevent too great angularity, as such is not found necessary in practice. The tendency of the saw when working is toward the upright position,/ and it is only necessary ordinarily to hold it against accidentally assuming a position in which it may damage the work. For this reason the screw 11 and spring G are not absolutely essential to successful working.

The screws F, passing through the several disks and the saw on the line of the hinge, secure the whole together independently of the mandrel with its shoulder and nut. I attaeh importance to this construction for the reason that it allows the saw to be removed from the mandrel and laid aside for future use without changing its angularity or other adjustments, while another saw of the same or different character is employed in its place on the mandrel. hen it is desired to again use the dado saw in producing grooves, the same as before, it is only necessary to replace it upon the mandrel and start up without newly adjusting.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions. Other means than the bolt 0 and nut C may be employed to hold the clearing-plates B, and other forms of rocking collars may be substituted for the disks DD and E E and their connections.

I claim 1. In a saw of the character set forth, the saw plate A having the teeth A extending nearly around its periphery and the dovetailed ways formed by the channels a and cover-plates A in combinationwith the removable and adjustable dovetailed clearingplates B and their teeth B carried in said in ays and having the slots Z), the bolts 0 extending through said cover-plates and clearing-plates, and the nuts 0" for holding the latter'in the required position in said ways, all substantially as herein specified.

2. I11 a saw of the character set forth, a sawplate adapted to be loosely mounted on a sawinandrel and provided with two inclosing disks having swells thereon, in combination with outer disks having cavities receiving said swells and forming therewith a knucklejoint,fastening means extending through said inner and outer disks and saw-plate to bind them together and means for adjusting and holding said inner disks and saw-plate at an inclination to said mandrel, all substantially as herein specified.

3. In a saw of the character set forth, the saw-plate, in combination with the inclosing disks and their swells, the outer disks having cavities receiving said swells and forming with the latter a knuckle-joint upon which the saw-plate maybe partially turned to produce the required inclination relatively to its mandrel, fastening means extending from one of said outer disks through said inner disks and saw-plate to the opposite outer disk whereby said disks and saw-plate are held together as an entirety independently of and removable from said mandrel, means for partiall y rotating said saw-plate and inner disks on said knuckle-joint and'a spring acting upon said saw-plate in opposition to said adj usting means, all arranged to serve with a saw-mandrel, substantially as herein specified.

4. The saw-plate A, and inclosing disks D and swells D thereon, in combination with the outer disks E, E having the cavities 6 matching to and receiving said swells and disks and saw-plate on the line of the joint,

the adjusting-screw E carried by the disk E on one side of said line, the pin G mounted on the same disk on the opposite side of said line, and the spring G acting on said pin in opposition to said adj usting-screw, all arranged to serve substantially as and for the purposes herein specified.

5. The saw-plate A, and inclosing disks D and swells I) thereon, in combination with the outer disks E, E having the cavities 6 matching to and receiving the said swells and forming therewith a knuckle-joint, the screws F extending through said inclosing and outer disks and saw-plate on the line of the joint, the adj usting-screw E carried by one of said outer disks and the adjustable stop H carried in the other of said outer disks on the opposite side of said saw-plate, all arranged to serve as and for the purposes herein specified.

6. The saw-plate A, and inclosing disks D and swells D thereon, in combination with the outer disks E, E having the cavities 6 matching to and receiving said swells and forming therewith a knuckle-joint, the screws F extending through said inclosing and outer disks and saw-plate on the line of the joint, the adjusting-screw E carried by the disk E on one side of said line, the pin G mounted in the same disk on the opposite side of said line, the spring G acting on said pin in opposition to said adjusting-screw, and the adj usting-screw H carried by the disk E, all arranged to serve substantially asaud for the purposes herein specified.

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES FOSBY.

Witnesses:

O. R. SOLEY, EDWARD M. CLIFT. 

